Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Advertising - Assignment Example Dangers are rivalries who are firmly situated while opportunity is the developing enthusiasm of espresso consumers for a complex taste of espresso. As a detailing of a universal showcasing technique, proposal is for passage of Costa Coffee utilizing a separated business approach. The motivation behind this report is to break down the basic variables required in entering an outside market. The picked nation is Azerbaijan which is situated in Southwestern Asia, circumscribing the Caspian Sea, among Iran and Russia, with a little European part north of the Caucasus run. (CIA 2012). Costa Coffee needs to settle on the four kinds of passages to this market, to be specific: sending out, permitting, joint endeavor, and direct venture (Washington Secretary of State. Partnerships Division). Costa Coffee has likewise need to design the fitting technique in its entrance. The market systems set up are the mechanical development, (the predominance of the item); item adjustment (changes in the current item); Availability (low value technique); or complete adjustment (congruity procedure). Azerbajan has a complete populace of 9,643,000 starting at 2011 (CIA). It is made out of 3,436,459 females and 3,307,88l guys in the section of ages 15-64 and a male populace of 227,172 and 367,675 section of 65 years or more. Populace is made out of Azeri 90.6%, Dagestani 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.9% (1999 evaluation). Populace development rate is 1.017% with a position of 114 in world correlation. Baku, its capital holds 1.9 million individuals. 2. Economy. Its high monetary development is owing to a huge and developing oil trades, development, banking, and land. Obstructions to its encouraging is supposed to be general society and private division debasement and foundation wasteful aspects. The nation likewise needs a ventured up remote interest in the non-vitality segment. It imports

Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Hazard Management - Essay Example The three primary administration hazards that the Company faces are (I) acquisition chance; (ii) Human Resources Management chance; (iii) and, bookkeeping hazard. These three sorts of dangers are normal to huge chain store like Wal-Mart (Zsidisin, 2008). Wal-Mart has utilized improved administration methodologies to manage the issues brought about by these dangers. As a worldwide association, Wal-Mart continually faces the test of keeping up union among its workers who are multiracial and multicultural representatives. This has been a difficult issue that Wal-Mart attempts its best to think about since it started its globalization drive. Essentially, there are never-ending stresses over dangers intrinsic in the obtainment and the calculation of yearly money related bookkeeping. These three operational dangers are extensively depicted underneath. 2 Current Risk Management Process Since the idea of the dangers is dynamic, Wal-Mart has consistently thought of the suitable way to deal wi th recognize, react, screen and relieve or control the three types of dangers featured in the prior. Through proficient administration methodology and standards, Wal-Mart has had the option to hold its operational dangers under controlâ€some of the methodologies used by the association is portrayed as follows: (I) Human Resource Management Risk:- Wal-Mart faces numerous dangers emerging from its occasionally wasteful HR the board. A couple of HR issues that have compromised Wal-Mart’s brand as of late is the odd act of treating ladies inconsistent with their male partners, inconspicuous racial segregation and furthermore the arrangement of declining occupations or advancement to representatives that have hands on dangerous injury (Spedding and Rose, 2007). This issue has caused the association a great many dollars in legitimate harms throughout the years. Therefore, Wal-Mart has executed a powerful way to deal with handle this brand-annihilating danger. (ii) Procurement ch ance:- Wal-Mart likewise stands up to relentless acquisition hazard like each other chain store that get supplies from various types of providers. There are dangers related with the sources and nature of the provisions that are offered to clients. Is it true that they are from lawful or fake sources? Have the providers used unlawful work (like in China) to deliver the products? Are the 3 products of most excellent consumable by individuals in different nations? Are there any gauges that are set down to urge providers to consider consumers’ enchant as opposed to crazy productivity? (McCullough et al., 2008). (iii) Accounting Risk:- Chain stores consistently experience gigantic hazard in registering all their monetary exchanges that would be introduced in their yearly reports because of human mistakes, advertise powers and the ill-advised usage of bookkeeping programming. This issue has been perceived as a genuine hazard an association must put forth attempts to relieve (Choraf as, 2007). Different reasons for money related hazard incorporate yet not limited to flimsy trade rates (particularly for a global), instability in the budgetary markets, and bookkeeping dangers started by business chance (Chorafas, 2007). The flowchart beneath clarifies how Wal-Mart commonly handles the three dangers depicted previously. Flowchart: Risk ID, reaction, checking, and control. (an) Identification: Risk directors or officials are conveyed to every office to find any cases of racial or sex disparity among Wal-Mart

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Convey Confidence in Your Tone

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Convey Confidence in Your Tone With regard to the tone of your essays, you must ensure that the admissions committees readily recognize your certainty and self-confidence. Being clear and direct about who you are and how you envision your future is vital. Consider the following basic examples: Weak: I now have adequate work experience and hope to pursue an MBA. Strong: Through my work experience, I have gained both breadth and depth, providing me with a solid, practical foundation for pursuing my MBA. â€"â€" Weak: I now want to pursue an MBA. Strong: I am certain that now is the ideal time for me to pursue my MBA. â€"â€" Weak: I have good quantitative skills and will succeed academically. Strong: I have already mastered the quantitative skills necessary to thrive in my MBA studies. â€"â€" Weak: With my MBA, I hope to establish myself as a leader. Strong: I am certain that with my MBA, I will propel myself to the next levels of leadership. The key in all of these examples is the use of language that clearly projects self-confidenceâ€"instead of “hope,” use “will;” instead of saying you have “good” skills, show “mastery.” Although you should avoid sounding arrogant, by being assertive and direct, you will inspire confidence in your reader and ensure that you make a positive impression. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

The Individual Markings of the Black Swallowtail

The black swallowtail, one of North America’s most familiar butterflies, frequently visits backyard gardens. They are a very common sight and youve likely seen the butterfly and caterpillar quite often, especially near your vegetables.   How to Identify Black Swallowtails This large butterfly has black wings with yellow markings and a wingspan of 8 to 11 centimeters. The male displays a row of bold yellow spots, while the female’s spots are faded shades of yellow and blue. The black swallowtail’s colors mimic those of similar species, such as the giant or pipevine swallowtails. To identify the black swallowtail, look for a pair of black dots centered in larger orange circles on the inner edge of the hind wings. The black swallowtail caterpillar changes appearance each time it molts. In the last few stages of growth, it is white and green with black bands and yellow or orange spots. The black swallowtail is also known as the Eastern black swallowtail, the parsley worm, and the parsnip swallowtail. The last two names refer to the insects proclivity to feed on plants in the carrot family. Black swallowtails fall into the Papilionidae family, which includes other swallowtails: Kingdom – AnimalPhylum – ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – LepidopteraFamily – PapilionidaeGenus – PapilioSpecies – polyxenes What Do Black Swallowtails Eat? The butterflies feed on nectar from flowers. Caterpillars feed on plants in the carrot family, which includes dill, fennel, parsley, and carrots. Life Cycle Like all butterflies, the black swallowtail undergoes a complete metamorphosis. The life cycle has four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Egg - It takes 3-5 days for eggs to hatch.Larva - The caterpillar has five instars  (the stage  between molts).Pupa - The chrysalis stage lasts 9-11 days, or over the winter.Adult - Northern areas have one or two generations; southern areas may have three. Special Adaptations and Defenses The caterpillar has a special gland called an osmeterium that emits a foul odor when it is threatened. The orange osmeterium looks like a forked snake tongue. Caterpillars also ingest oils from the host plants  of the carrot family; the foul taste of the chemical in their bodies repels birds and other predators. The chrysalides of the black swallowtail can be green or brown, depending on the color of the surface to which they are attached. This form of camouflage keeps them hidden from predators. The adult butterfly is thought to mimic the pipevine swallowtail, which is distasteful to predators. Habitat and Range of Black Swallowtails You will find black swallowtails in open fields and meadows, suburban yards, and roadsides. They are most common in  North America east of the Rocky Mountains. Their range extends south all the way to the northern tip of South America and they are also present in Australia.

Sell Soon Inc - 1144 Words

Case (Project Sell Soon Inc) Sell Soon Inc. This case is about a company called Sell Soon Inc. this is a manufacturing company that operates two widget manufacturing facilities in the United States. One is located in New Orleans Louisiana and the other facility is located in Houston Texas. The company is going through restructuring and one part of the restructuring plan is the disposition of the Houston division through consolidation. When the restructuring is complete all of the Sell Soon Ink’s manufacturing will be done from the New Orleans facility. The Houston facility currently has a book value of $ 20 million and it has a fair market value of $ 25 million. Sell Soon Inc expects to incur two million dollars to dispose the†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, we are told there is a gain expected due to this disposal. In such a case, a company usually records the cost of this transaction at fair market value this includes all the expenses incurred to prepare the Houston manufacturing facili ty ready for sale. These expenses include cleanup cost of the facility, removal of dangerous (hazardous) chemicals and the safe disposal of these chemicals (according to Environmental Protection Agency guide lines) the removal of debris and trash and all other costs to get the facility up to par. Since the company expects to gain on this disposal according to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles the gain on this disposal has to be recognized immediately. In addition, Sell Soon Inc wants to consolidate its business that means all their production will be taking place from the New Orleans facility, based on FASB statement No. 141 all the financial reporting for Sell Soon Inc. is done using the purchase method of reporting. If after a period of time Sell Soon Inc could not or decides not sell the Houston facility, then it could dispose of the asset by other means, situations include: abandonment, exchange for similar productive asset or distribution to owners in a spin off. In such a case, the asset will be classified as â€Å"held and used† instead of â€Å"held for Sale† until it is disposed of by Sell Soon Inc. The Houston facility stays in property plant and equipment and depreciation estimates will be revisedShow MoreRelatedMichael Saul Dell : Business Man And Entrepreneur1087 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome right now but now the only difference with then and now he has well experienced and experts in their particular industry. 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I chose this specific topic because Apple has been constantly growing and changing over the past 40 years. I thought it would be interesting to see the different forms of structures that the organization has transitioned from, especially under the contrasting management styles of the two main founders, Jobs and Wozniak. Also, the death of Steve Jobs’ on October 5, 2011, caused a lot of restructuringRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of Apple Inc Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational Structure The topic of Organizational behavior that I chose to analyze is the Organizational Structure of Apple Inc. I chose this specific topic because Apple has been constantly growing and changing over the past 40 years. I thought it would be interesting to see the different forms of structures that the organization has transitioned from, especially under the contrasting management styles of the two main founders, Jobs and Wozniak. Also, the death of Steve Jobs’ on October 5, 2011Read MoreTips On The Foreclosure Crisis1238 Words   |  5 Pages3 Tips on How to Quickly Sell Your House Foreclosure in MA If you have a house foreclosure in MA, then you need to sell it fast. If you wait too long, the foreclosure process surges onward without you. Before you know it, you’re left without a home and you have a black mark on your credit history. So, how do you sell your home quickly if you’re facing an impending foreclosure? To answer that question, here’s a list of three tips that help you sell your foreclosure fast, especially if it’s in MassachusettsRead MoreCase Analysis: Apple, Inc., 2008966 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 1 Case Analysis: Apple, Inc., 2008 Background Apple Computer, Inc. was created by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in April 1976. It started as a computer software and hardware manufacturer. Apple Computer, Inc. is famous for having one of the largest and most loyal customer bases that have helped to make concrete consistent growth for the company (Yoffie, Slind, 2008). In 2007 Apple Computer Inc., became Apple Inc. to mirror its expansion into the consumer electronics market while stillRead MoreTesla Motors, Inc. Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesAs a young automotive company, Tesla Motors, Inc. exhibits a list of strengths that has made the company successful with manufacturing and selling of their luxury electric vehicles (Eisler, 2016, p. 35). Tesla Motors, Inc. has a technological advantage in the battery market industry with their partnership with Panasonic. Panasonic and Tesla collaborated in the development of the Gigafactory, which â€Å"is designed to churn out cells for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) with a combined energy storage

On English and Writing Critical Thinking Essay Example

Essays on On English and Writing: Critical Thinking Essay The paper "On English and Writing: Critical Thinking" is a worthy example of an essay on English. In his 1996 essay on â€Å"attitude† Sheridan Baker, a scholar, a and critical thinker asserts that writer's attitude toward their target group and the writers themselves determines the quality of the prose produced. He supports this argument by giving examples of bad attitude can make writing boring. He farther states that a good writer should have respect towards his audience and the readers. His main purpose is to make his reader aware of the consequences of a negative attitude in order to make them become good writers. His main audience was college students who were interested in writing in the future (Woodworth 7).Charles Peirce’s article, â€Å"The Fixation of Belief† (1877), argued that humans have a psychological and social mechanism to protect and strengthen our beliefs. Peirce backs up this claim by a thorough description of the four methods of fixing belie f highlighting the advantages and weaknesses of each. His main purpose is to point out the ways people can establish their beliefs in order to get the awareness of the reader considering how the beliefs may be the product of the methods. He is writing to the educated audience with the knowledge of philosophy and histories this depends on the language used (Hendricks 28).Toni Morrison, in her essay â€Å"Disturbing Nurses and the kindness of Shark† implies that ethnic and racism in the United States influences crafting American novelists. He supports this implication by describing how other writers like Ernest Hemingway write about black characters. his purpose is to make her reader feel the sense of the cruel reality of racism underlying Americans to enable them to examine the effects of racism not only affect those discriminates but also those that discriminate (Michael 1). The targets the audience of racial mixed and critical reader of literature using a very high analytica l toneIn the year 1997 Larisa Macfarqhuhar in her article â€Å"Who cares if Johnny can’t read† asserts that Americans are reading more than ever despite the aims o the contrary. She supports this claim about American reading habits with facts that compare the past and the present reading practices (Lanzbom 1). She challenges common assumptions by raising questions about reading intrinsic values. Her purpose is to dispel some myths about reading in order to raise new and more important questions about the value reading and other media culture. She targets a young audience with a sarcastic tone.

Charles Dickens Analysis Essay Example For Students

Charles Dickens Analysis Essay Dickens leaves the reader wondering if the Convict is religious or not because when he lets Pip go he makes pip say Lord strike me dead if I dont, which either means the Convict believes in a Lord or the convict believes that Pip might believe in a Lord so it would give Pip a better reason for coming back, if the fact a young man willing to tear out his heart and liver isnt enough. When the Convict lets pip go home Pip runs away towards his home. He is obviously scared and occasionally looks back to see if the Convict is still there. The end of chapter one explains how Pip sees in the distance a Pirates gibbet, which makes him think of the horrible young man. He looks around for the young man and then becomes frightened again and so runs all the way home without stopping. This technique at the end of the chapter is called a cliffhanger and it makes the reader want to read on leaving them in Suspense in what is going to happen next. Dickens also wrote The Signalman and I will briefly explain the first few paragraphs how Dickens creates Suspense In the Signalman: The Signalman has a very unusual beginning Halloa! Below there! Dickens creates suspense in the first few paragraphs of the signalman by once again luring the reader into an unknown atmosphere. He start off the story with someone shouting down at a signalman and this is the first piece of Suspense. The reader is left wondering what will happen next or what the signalman will say. The man shouting down is asking the signalman if there is any way, which he can come down and talk to him. The next large area of Suspense is when Dickens describes a train passing by Just then, there came a vague vibration in the earth and air, quickly changing into a violent pulsation, and an oncoming rush which caused me to startle back, as though it had force to draw me down. When such vapour rose to my height from this rapid train , had passed me and was skimming away over the landscape. Dickens builds up suspense by describing the train passing in so much detail and leaving us to wonder and imagine what will happen next. Dickens is very good at using imagery in his character and having a visual image of a character helps that person to understand the story more. The way in which Dickens explains the surroundings and the characters is in so much detail we can almost picture them as if they were in the room with us. In the Signalman Dickens describes the descent in which the person has to make to travel down to the signalman. It is so detailed you can picture being there. Dickens also uses the senses to enhance the feeling of what he is describing. His favourite sense is sight as most of the things he describes are to do with seeing the object he is describing. There by a dint of looking closely about me, I found a rough descending zig-zag path notched out: which I followed. The cutting was extremely deep, and unusually precipitate. It was made through a clammy stone that became oozier and wetter as I went down. Dickens also uses complex words to portray his suspense For these reasons, I found the way long enough to give me time to recall a singular air of reluctance or compulsion with which he had pointed out the path. Dickens describes the thoughts and images that the man sees when he comes down to talk with the signalman. .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db , .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .postImageUrl , .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db , .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:hover , .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:visited , .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:active { border:0!important; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:active , .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5f05f50e31b1de7741a9e69cc970f6db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Fair Lady Review Essay I resumed my downward way, and, stepping out on the level of the railroad and drawing nearer to him, saw that he was a dark sallow man , with a dark beard and rather heavy eyebrows. His post was in a as solitary and dismal place as ever I saw. On either side, a dripping-wet wall of jagged stone, excluding all view but a strip of sky; the perspective one way, only a crooked prolongation of this great dungeon; the shorter perspective in the other direction , terminating in a gloomy red light, and the gloomier entrance to a black tunnel, in whose massive architecture there was a Barbarous, depressing, and forbidding air. This section is a perfect example of how Dickens creates suspense in the Signalman and great Expectations. He uses great detail to lure a reader into an unknown atmosphere. This makes the reader want to read on and desperate to find out what is going to happen next. A combination of interesting and thorough detail, careful choices of words and the five senses create an excellent base for building up Suspense in Dickens Stories. This is why he is such a brilliant Suspense writer.

Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites

Introduction Since the 1990s, internet has been expanding at a very fast pace and it has had a significant impact on how organizations and governments operate. During the era, the most technological advanced Western countries, such as the U.S. and Britain, have been working side by side to lead the way in establishing e-government.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More E-government is a worldwide phenomenon to improve service delivery and internal efficiency of governmental organizations. With the application of new internet technologies, the developed countries are now leading the global phenomenon of e-government. Today, government agencies, management consulting firms, and IT companies have been exploring and documenting the best practices for e-government initiatives. It can be seen that the development of e-government has f ollowed the development of e-commerce after being proven that businesses have been stimulated by it. Below, I’m going to provide a broad overview in e-government practices among two different nations, the U.S. and Britain, and show how they have impacted the society as a whole, to individual citizens and organizations. The government websites are very essential in circulating information between various departments within the government. The sites also provide the information to the public. The websites are designed in such a way that the security issues such as web site hacking are greatly minimized. The websites to be reviewed and analyzed are those of the UK government and the ones for the US government. They include the Official Site of the British Prime Minister’s Office, the United States Senate website, the UK Parliament website, USA Government made easy site, and Directgov website. Review of the Websites Even though these websites are intended to serve almost a similar purpose, they contain different information. The websites are supposed to avail essential information not only to the governmental departments, but also to the public, which includes different organizations and the citizens of these countries.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The UK websites, the official site of the British Prime Minister’s Office and the UK Parliament Website, and Directgov offer a variety of information to the users (The official site of the British Prime Minister’s Office, 2012; United States Senate, 2012; UK Parliament Website, n.d.; USA Government Made Easy, n.d.; Directgov., n.d.). The information in the websites include departmental business plans, the government expenditures, the Whitehall officials, the government contracts, meetings within the ministries, and other important government data. They also contain information regarding the bills and legislation. They have a section in which users can register in order to receive the latest news on a regular basis via their email address. The two US government websites mentioned above provide a range of information to the users (United States Senate, 2012; USA Government Made Easy, n.d.). The United States Senate provides information regarding the states in the senate and strategies used to run the House. The USA Government Made Easy website, on the other hand, contains issues such as government jobs, government auctions, unclaimed money, government agencies, grants and other financial assistance programs offered by the US government. Like the UK websites, the US sites also provide the users with chance to register and receive latest updates on a regular basis. The Overall Content of the United States Sites The content for the U.S. government websites are loaded with useful information. There are introductions for every resource that explains everything in detail whic h help users who are not familiar with how the governmental system works. For example, in the House of Representatives website, there are learning tools which aid educators and students to learn about how the house works, how the congress makes laws, and etc. Moreover, in the websites, the public are even able to access a variety of disclosure documents, such as the financial disclosure reports and legal expense fund disclosures. I believe the overall presentation for the U.S. government websites are excellent. They are very user friendly and the information presented is very neat and in a proper manner. The websites are simple too without having too many writings that are scattered all over the web, which often times cause the users to get confused.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is also very easy to obtain the infor mation that users are trying to obtain without having to click too many times. Moreover, each of the websites has links which enables users to go from one government website to another government website. Overall, the websites are very easy to use and I believe it is due to their simplicity in design. The Overall Content of the Britain Sites The Britain governmental system is different to that of the U.S. in a way that they have different names for each of the executive and legislative branch. For example, in the U.S. the legislative branch is made up of the House and Senate, or also known as the Congress, whereas the Britain, it consists of Parliament. And, the first impression that I get after visiting the Britain government websites are the fact that they are not as user friendly as the U.S. government websites since they don’t have a clear and concise explanation for each of the terms in detail which make users kind of hard to understand what they are really all about. It is also hard to get the data available to the public since the websites do not really name the data properly. Even though they provide the public with quite a bit of information and data, the information presented is not as neat as the U.S. government websites. Therefore, it is kind of hard for users to retrieve the right data. Moreover, the websites seem a little bit too complicated; they simply have too much writings on the websites. It makes users to have difficulty to navigate around the websites easily without having to read all the presented materials. Furthermore, the websites do not provide the links which enable users to move from one government website to the other. Each of the Britain government website mostly focuses only on what they are specialized at. Overall, the Britain government websites are not as user friendly as the U.S. websites because they are simply too complicated and the information presented are not clear. The Impact of the Data contained in the Website s The five websites are freely accessible. They do not require any log-in details before one gets the opportunity to access the information contained in them. Anyone can access the government information in the websites provided he or she opens the right site. This has been done probably to avoid excluding anyone from the information, since the two governments feel that the information is important to every citizen.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The websites have been designed in such a way that they prevent the occurrence of unnecessary issues that normally arise when a user’s details are made public. The sites protect and ensure that the emails provided by the users to enable them to receive the updates, are not accessed by any other user apart from the owner of the details. The websites are also designed in such a way that they contain various links within the site that enable the users to access information related to different fields. For instance, the USA Government Made Easy website has links such as ‘list of government agencies’, ‘government auctions’, and ‘government jobs’ among others. This has the effect of increasing the speed with which a user gets to navigate through the information contained in the links. Both the UK government and U.S. government websites have put in place the relevant measures to help them comply with the legal requirements, hence avoiding cases of litigation. For instance the USA Government made easy website, which offers a diversity visa program, ensures that every citizen is accorded equal and fair chances during the lottery process. There are also measures put in place to ensure that users who practice malicious games such as hacking the government sites are arrested and prosecuted. Impact on Individual Citizens In the past, it used to be hard to get in touch with government agencies, especially with its long hierarchical structure, people must go through all the steps in order for them to be able to reach the right division. Today, with the aid of new technologies, citizens are now able to communicate with government agencies with more ease since e-government is concerned about providing quality public services and value-added information to citizens now. By doing so, the government can make interactions between government agencies and citizens smoother and more efficient, thus the government will be able to build a b etter relationship with the citizens. For instance, the usa.gov website is providing the public with a variety of online services, such as passport application and price comparison services, so that the public can get fast services without having to go through all the troubles. Impact on Organizations Besides facilitating the interaction between government and individual citizens, e-government also focuses on the internal efficiency and effectiveness of operations, resembling enterprise resource planning. This enables the government agencies to work together more efficiently with the organizations, thus they have better coordination and collaboration between each other. Moreover, e-government can make the processes even more efficient by having to provide a one stop service to businesses/organizations as well. By making the processes simpler, it indirectly helps the organizations to be more productive because less time is needed to do more of something, so that the time saved can be used to serve better purpose for the organizations. Conclusion In conclusion, I have provided a broad overview of the current practices of leading e-government countries, and explained how they have impacted the society as a whole. E-government has been established in the first place in order to deliver services, engage citizens, and improve performance. A seamless integration, quality information, and good administrative processes are needed for effective e-government programs. Even though so, some e-governments are still lacking the required resources and infrastructure for its successful transformation. Many governments are still trying their best to integrate e-government programs in their processes, and I believe e-government should be implemented on every country since it provides services to the citizens and enhances the efficiency of government operations. References Directgov. (2012). Public services all in one place. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/ The Official Site of the British Prime Minister’s Office. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/prime-ministers-office-10-downing-street UK Parliament Website. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.parliament.uk/ United States Senate. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.senate.gov/ USA Government Made Easy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.usa.gov/ This essay on Review and Analysis of the U.S. and UK Government Websites was written and submitted by user Angelica Pennington to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Facts About Author and Illustrator Patricia Polacco

Facts About Author and Illustrator Patricia Polacco Because so many of Patricia Polaccos childhood experiences have served as the inspiration for her children’s picture books, it’s particularly interesting to look at her life and her books together.   Dates: July 11, 1944 -   Also Known As: Patricia Barber Polacco Interesting Facts About Patricia Polaccos Life and Work 1. Patricia Polacco did not begin writing children’s books until she was 41 and by late 2013, had been writing children’s books for 28 years. Her first book, which based on childhood experience, was Meteor! 2. Patricia Polacco’s parents divorced when she was three years old. Since her parents moved back to their parents’ homes, and she went back and forth between those homes, her grandparents became a big influence on her life and later, in her writing. With a Russian and Ukrainian heritage on her mother’s side and Irish on her father’s, she was surrounded by storytellers and loved hearing family stories. 3.  Some of Polacco’s favorite books as a child included Beatrix Potter’s Peter Rabbit, The Tall Mother Goose by Fedor Rojankovsky, Grimm’s Fairy Tales and Horton Hatches the Egg by Dr. Seuss. Among the contemporary authors and illustrators, she admires are Jerry Pinkney, Gloria Jean Pinkney, Tomie dePaola, Alan Say, Virginia Hamilton, Jan Brett, and Lois Lowry. 4. A learning disability kept Polacco from learning to read until she was 14. Years later, she celebrated the assistance she received from a caring teacher her picture book Thank You, Mr. Falker.   The same kids who teased her about her poor reading skills praised Polacco’s artwork. Art was something she could do easily and in a 2013 presentation in Wichita, Kansas, Polacco said, â€Å"For me, art is like breathing.† 5.  Despite this rough start in school, Polacco went on to earn a Ph.D. in Art History, with an emphasis on iconography. In Oakland, she attended the California College of Arts and Crafts and Laney Community College. Polacco then went to Australia where she attended Monash University in a suburb of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 6. Patricia Polacco’s picture books, most of which are based on family and childhood experiences, emphasize diversity, a reflection of both her own multicultural family and what eight-year-old Patricia and her brother, Richard, found when they moved with their mother to Oakland, California where they spent the school year, spending summers with their father in rural Michigan. In reference to growing up in the Rockridge District of Oakland, Polacco said she loved the fact â€Å"†¦that all of my neighbors came in as many colors, ideas, and religions as there are people on the planet. How lucky I was to know so many people that were so different and yet so much alike.† 7.  After a brief first marriage that ended in divorce, Patricia Polacco married chef and cooking instructor Enzo Polacco. Their two children, now adults, are Traci Denise and Steven John. She wrote about Enzo in her children’s book In Enzos Splendid Gardens. 8.  The many awards that Patricia Polacco has received for her children’s picture books include the: 1988 Sydney Taylor Book Award for The Keeping Quilt, 1989 International Reading Association Award for Rechenka’s Eggs, 1992 Golden Kite Award for Illustration from the Society of Children’s Book Writers and Illustrators (SCBWI) and a 1993 Jane Adams Peace Association and Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom Honor Award for Mrs. Katz and Tush. 9.  For those interested in writing books, Polacco stresses the importance of taking the time to use (and listen to) your imagination and not get distracted by outside interruptions, like television.  In fact, she attributes her vivid imagination to all the storytelling in her family and the absence of a TV. 10.  Patricia Polacco never forgot the early years she spent on her grandparents’ farm in Union City, Michigan, and the stories her Babushka (grandmother) told.  After almost 37 years in Oakland, she moved back to Union City where she now has a home, a studio and many plans for writing workshops and storytelling events. More About Polaccos Work If your 7- to 12-year-olds are eager to learn more about Patricia Polacco and her books, a wonderful introduction to her work is  Firetalking, her brief autobiography for children, which features lots of color photographs and information about her family, her life, and her books. Sources 9/10/13 presentation by Patricia Polacco at Watermark Books, Wichita Kansas, â€Å"Meet Patricia Polacco.†Ã‚  Houghton Mifflin Reading. Polacco, Patricia. â€Å"Author Biography of Patricia Polacco.†Ã‚  Scholastic. â€Å"Transcript from an Interview with Patricia Polacco.†Ã‚  Reading Rockets, 12 Aug. 2013.

Inside Criminal Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Inside Criminal Law - Assignment Example The two purposes can be broadly described as legal and social in nature. With regard to the legal angle, the purpose of criminal law is to protect and punish. The law empowers enforcement agencies and even citizens the right to protect individuals and the society. It also empowers the judiciary to punish persons proved to indulge in acts of crime. There are also those who feel that criminal law (or any statute for that matter) acts as a deterrent and will help in teaching social boundaries. Punishment for negligent or rash driving can be stated as an example. The two main functions of criminal law is given here which is based on protection against criminal activities. Protection is for both individuals and the society as a whole, which are deemed as functions of criminal law. Experts feel that the part of protecting individuals is clearly understood, but in the case of collective protection, the concept is more complex. An example, as provided by Gaines and Miller will make the point clear. A fire retardant (protected) mattress is sold to a hotel without washing instructions. The employees (unknowingly) wash the mattress in a manner that lessens such properties, and a guest starts a major fire by falling asleep with a lit cigarette. This act of not providing a label with washing instructions can be considered to be a criminally negligent act under the Flammable Fabrics Act. It may be difficult to differentiate between functions and purpose of criminal law. But reference to literature provides the above mentioned outlook on the two aspect s (functions and purpose) of criminal law. Members of the US society, collectively and individually can take recourse to a number of written statutes and laws in order to avail protection and justice from criminal activities. They include the American common law, state criminal codes, municipal ordinances, state and

The concept of a contract Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The concept of a contract - Case Study Example However, it was later viewed that lack of proper operational performance and improper management of DB, resulted in the failure of the overall project (USA Gov, 2013). Critically observing, it can be identified that DB had intentionally overlooked its implied obligation to maintain transparency and systematic order in its service delivery process. Tactfully, DB withdrew from performing any written contractual promises, which was overlooked by the other two parties involved in the contract. Certainly the absence of firm verbal intimation regarding the offer and acceptance of the contract along with specific proclamations of clauses to be adhered by the parties involved had been a major setback for the sufferer, i.e. SCT (USA Gov, 2013). However, given the legal guidelines of having a viable contract SCT can take legal directions even with the non-availability of any written proof to the contract. Considering, the fact that DB had delivered the services demanded through the contract by SCT, it can be affirmed that a contractual relationship existed between DB and SCT. 2. Ethics in legal decision making plays a vital role, as it helps in taking legal decisions, which are accepted within the societal context. Legal terms between the two parties owing to contractual agreement inculcate ethical considerations for effective completion of the contract. In a contractual agreement, ‘Breach of Confidence’ plays a vital role in assuring both the parties to undertake ethical measures within this particular contractual relationship. Critically, observing, it can be ascertained from the case study that two of the contractors of DB have violated the legal implications of ‘Breach of Confidence’. Considering the case scenario, it can be observed that two external contractors of DB have leaked some vital information relating to a contract of their company with a Taiwanese’s firm. The case further states that the two external contractors conveyed t he client i.e. SCT about the DB’s failure in meeting the requirements of the Taiwanese’s firm, which leads to a greater monetary loss of the parent company. However, owing to the aforesaid scenario, it can be comprehended that ethical and legal implications can be implemented complying with the disloyalty of the two external contractors. In this regard DB can firstly terminate the contract with both the contractor under the ‘Breach of Privacy Law’. Concerning with the abovementioned act, it implies about the authority of an organization to create its own privacy rule while making sure that minimum standards are applicable to protect the private information of the company (Andrews, 2011). Secondly the company can take legal action that would restrict the two contractors from conducting such illegal activity. Additionally, the company could also ask the legal advisor to undergo a detailed investigation about the whole scenario and make decisions accordingly. However, the company can ask the legal body to charge monetary fines pertaining to the breach of confidentiality as a legal implication. Considering the aforesaid scenario it can be apprehended that ethical consideration the company could have provided them their salary which would have restricted them from taking such illegal steps (Australian Government, 2012). 3. Critically, examining the case scenario, it can be comprehended that DB has violated numerous rules and regulations associated with the contractual agree

Importance of Couseling Essay Example for Free

Importance of Couseling Essay The study was limited to only sixteen secondary schools: thirteen government secondary schools and three mission secondary schools in Benin City with practicing school counsellor(s). In all, there were four hundred and twenty respondents (420). Sex was not a factor in the study. Two four-point Likert type scale questionnaires were used to obtain data for the study. These are: Secondary School Counsellors’ Questionnaire (SSCQ); and Secondary School Students’ Questionnaire (SSSQ). The reliabilities of 0.69 and 0.80 were obtained respectively SSCQ and SSSQ using the Cronbach Alpha Internal Consistency reliability. The findings show that there are insufficient counsellors in schools; inadequate availability of counselling facilities; and that the qualification of guidance and counselling personnel has impact on the quality of guidance services they provide to secondary school students in Nigeria. These findings suggest that these variables will help to promote students’ adjustment in the school and the society at large. Paradoxically, the absence of these variables could precipitate students’ maladjustment. Recommendations on ways of improving guidance and counselling services to promote students adjustment were proffered. Keywords: Counselling Qualities; Guidance and Counselling; Students adjustment;; Nigeria 1. Introduction Guidance and Counselling happens to be one of the developments in the field of Education in Nigeria. It became popular with the introduction of the 6-3-3-4 educational system. It is generally accepted that in Nigeria, the organized/formal guidance started in 1959 at St. Theresa’s College, Oke-Ado in Ibadan by some Reverend Sisters, out of concern for the products of their school. They felt that there was need to offer vocational guidance to their outgoing final year students. As a result, the Rev. Sisters invited twenty educated people from Ibadan community who were in different professions and therefore knew more about the emerging world of work than the students and the Rev. Sisters. Fifty-four out of the sixty students benefited from the experts’ advice and were placed in various jobs. The innovation was highly accepted by the society because in later years this group of people, though not trained counsellors, organized career talks, seminars, guidance workshops and lectures for the class five students. Later on, the vocational guidance services spread to other secondary schools outside Ibadan and across the entire federation. The ministry officials became so interested in these organized services that this group of â€Å"Career Advisers† was invited to provide career workshops for teachers and career masters. Eventually the term â€Å"Career Advisers† became a national issue. In an attempt to overhaul the old educational system, towards the needs of the nation, the Nigerian Educational Research Council (NERC) in September 1969 organized a conference on curriculum development. The curriculum conference was followed by a government sponsored National Seminar in 1973 under the chairmanship of Chief S.O. Adebo to deliberate on all aspects of a National Policy on Education using the report of the 1969 curriculum conference as the working document. The conference came up with recommendations for a New National Policy on Education, which the Federal Government accepted and published in 1977 and revised in 1981, 1989 and 2004. With the highlighted changes in the Nation’s educational system, the need for guidance and counselling services in Nigerian secondary schools became more glaring. Consequently, Guidance and Counselling Services became an integral and essential component of the educational process for all students as they progress through the educational system. According to Egbochuku (2008), the aims of school guidance and counselling services, which are based on a developmental hierarchy, are to provide students with: 1. Opportunities to develop knowledge and appreciation of themselves and others; 2. Opportunities to develop relationship skills, ethical standards and a sense of responsibility; 3. Opportunities to acquire skills and attitudes necessary to develop educational goals which are suited to their needs, interests and abilities; 4. Information that would enable them to make decisions about life and career opportunities (: 15). Today, guidance and counselling has gained prominence in t he Nigerian educational system and many people are getting interested in the guidance of youth in making wise educational, vocational and personal/social decisions. Consequent upon the expansion of counselling activities in Nigeria and the need to form a larger association to embrace both counsellors and career masters, the Counselling Association of Nigeria (CAN) was launched on the 11th November 1976. To facilitate efficient management of guidance and counselling services in Nigeria secondary schools, guidance and counselling personnel are being trained in the tertiary institutions and sent to schools to deliver these services. Also, basic courses in guidance and counselling feature in all teachers-education programmes. Prominent among the services rendered by guidance and counselling personnel in secondary schools are Information, Appraisal, Referral, Guidance, Counselling and Planning, Placement and follow-up services for the proper guidance of students. Against this background therefore, the focus of the study is to assess the realities of guidance and counselling services in providing adequate guidance for Nigerian secondary school students. 1.1. Statement of the problem It is assumed that with the increasing complexities in the society, industrial and technological development all going hand-in-hand, the succeeding generation will find it difficult to adjust themselves both to the society, work, family and schools. Failures in proper adjustment to all the facets mentioned could affect the education of young people and expose them to environmental as well as personal problems in development. Guidance and Counselling, as a delivery service, should not be misconstrued as the traditional type that is based on the principles of â€Å"to guide, to direct on a course, to enlighten, or to assist†. This traditional type of counselling was principally carried out in African setting by heads of families, Priests, and church leaders (Olayinka and Omoegun, 2001). Because of the complex nature of Nigerian society, the counselling profession has assumed a wider role. Present day Guidance and counselling is based on the process of helping individuals understand themselves which will lead to the better understanding of the other aspect of their lives (Egbochuku, 2008).  \ According to the literature, these services are the formalized actions taken by the school to make guidance operational and available to students. These formalized actions typically consist of a set of processes, techniques and functions that serve to carry out the guidance and counselling goals of a particular educational level. For students to be properly informed, they need the assistance of trained guidance and counselling personnel. Hence, the government made it a policy that guidance and counselling should feature in teacher-education programmes because teachers are closer to the students. Furthermore, the department of Guidance and Counselling has been established in most Nigeria Universities to train counsellors at the B.Sc., Master and PhD levels, to equip them with the appropriate counselling techniques to carry out guidance and counselling services in secondary schools. There is need therefore to assess the guidance and counselling services rendered by school counsellors to find out if these services actually provide adequate guidance for students’ development. It is therefore hypothesized that Qualification of guidance and counselling personnel, availability of guidance and counselling facilities, quality of guidance and counselling services will not significantly predict students’ adjustment 1.2. Purpose of the study This study assessed the quality of guidance and counselling services in secondary schools with practicing school counsellors in Edo state. To achieve this, the researcher examined the qualification of personnel providing guidance and counselling services, availability of materials for the successful execution of Nigerian secondary school guidance and counselling services and the impact of guidance programs on students’ adjustment. 1.3. Significance of the study Guidance and counselling is the bedrock for achieving self-actualisation. It is a process of helping individuals to understand themselves by discovering their own needs, interests and capabilities in order to formulate their own goals and make plans for realizing those goals. An analysis of guidance and counselling services in providing adequate guidance for secondary school students is of paramount importance; hence the this study. The result from the study will help in throwing more light on how guidance and counselling services is being implemented in secondary schools in Nigeria and the quality of guidance services received by secondary school students. In addition, it provides information to education planners and school administrators on their responsibility in providing adequate facilities for guidance and counselling services in order for students to receive quality guidance. It also reveals the extent to which guidance and counselling services influence the total development of the potentials and proper adjustment of secondary school students. 2. Methodology This is a survey study using correlational research design. The scope of the study covers some selected government and mission secondary schools with practicing school counsellors in Benin City of Edo State Nigeria. This is because Benin City is a metropolitan city and consists of three well-populated Local Government Areas (Egor, Oredo, Ikpoba Okha LGA) in Edo –South Senatorial District, out of the 18 LGAs in the 3 Senatorial Districts of Edo State. Purposive sampling techniques and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting the sample for the study. This study was limited to only sixteen (16) secondary schools thirteen (13) government secondary schools and three mission secondary schools in Benin City because only these schools had practicing school counsellor(s) as at the time the study was carried out. In all, there were four hundred and twenty respondents (420). Sex was not a factor in the study. 2.1. Instrumentation Two different four-point Likert type scale questionnaires were designed by the researcher to obtain data for the study. These are: (1) Secondary School Counsellors’ Questionnaire (SSCQ); (2) Secondary School Students’ Questionnaire (SSSQ) The SSCQ consisted of two main sections viz: Section ‘A’: This consisted of three items requesting information about the level of qualification in guidance and counselling from the respondents. Section ‘B’: This consisted of five items requesting information about the availability of guidance and counselling facilities\materials in the school. The SSSQ also consisted of two sections viz: Section ‘A’: This consisted of eleven items eliciting information about the quality of guidance services rend by counsellors in the school from the respondents. Section ‘B’: This consisted of twelve items requesting information about the impact of guidance and counselling services on Nigerian secondary school students’ adjustment. The respondents in each case were requested to indicate the extent to which they agreed or disagreed to each item. Items one to three in section â€Å"A† of the SSCQ and items one to eleven in section â€Å"A† of the SSSQ were used to test hypothesis one. Items one to five in section â€Å"B† of the SSCQ and items one to eleven in section â€Å"A† of the SSSQ were used to test hypothesis two. Items one to eleven in section â€Å"A† of the SSSQ and items one to twelve in section â€Å"B† of the SSSQ were used to test hypothesis three. The scoring of the instruments was as follow: Strongly Agree (SA)-4 Agree (A)-3 Disagree (D)-2 Strongly Disagree (SD)-1 For all positive worded items the above was the case, while the reverse was the case for all negative worded items in the questionnaire. 2.1.1. Validity and Reliability of the instruments Both construct and face validity was established. The reliability of 0.69 and 0.67 were obtained respectively for sections A and B of the instrument for Counsellors (SSCQ) using the Cronbach Alpha Internal Consistency reliability test. The Students’ Questionnaire (SSSQ) yielded an alpha coefficient of reliability 0.80. 2.1.2. Administration of the instruments Permission was obtained from the school before administering the questionnaires, which were personally administered by the investigator to the respondents in the various secondary schools selected for the study. 2.2. Analysis of Data Descriptive Statistics and Pearson Product Correlation were used were used for analysis. 3. Results Variables Qualification of guidance and counselling personnel Quality of guidance services The table 1 shows an r. value of .169 testing at an alpha level of .05 and a p .001. The p. value is less than .05 (p

Shindlers List :: essays research papers

Through out the movie Shindlers List many changes take place. These changes happen in both society and in certain people. During WWII the German Nazi regime enslaved the Jewish communities on Europe. They were used as slave labor or were executed if seen unfit. Even though these atrocities were taking place on a daily basis some people tried to help the Jewish community. Isaac Stern was a member of the Jewish community and he wanted to help his people out as much as possible. He was a great accountant but because of his heritage he wouldn’t be allowed any form of power in Germany. For this he needed Oscar Shindler. Shindler was a very influential person and was very friendly. Even in the beginning of the movie he was able to walk into a room of German officers and walk out best friends with all of them. He was just the kind of man Stern needed. He needed someone with connections in the German government. Shindler may have had all of the connections but he had no money to invest into his business ventures. He spoke to Stern and they agreed upon a deal. Stern and other wealthy Jews would provide the funding and Shindler would provide the connections in the military in order to keep Jews safe in Shindlers factories. In the beginning Stern and Shindlers opinions of each other were strictly business. Both knew what hey had to do and they got the job done. But as time went on both men became very good friends. Shindler offered a drink to Stern after the deal was completed, stern refused it. Stern was under the impression that Shindler was just another Nazi taking advantage of his people. Shindler though that Stern was just another Jew. They both had stereotypes on each other. As they worked more closely together for longer and longer it became apparent that they had great admiration for each other and they both new what a horrible thing the Germans were doing. Later on in the move when they believe they will be separated Stern finally takes that drink from Shindler. A â€Å"master image† from this movie is when the little boy hides in the stalls. It shows very well to what lengths a person would go to survive. When it came down to it everyone that was in his position would do the same in order to make it out alive.

Project on Motivation of Nurses Essay

The most traumatic and stressful moments of an individual’s life are when he or she is taken ill. Nurses are synonymous with care and attention in times of need such as these. In a world mostly driven my personal ambition and corporate profit, nurses with their commitment to patient welfare and selfless service, provide a contrasting study. A nurse acts as a savior in distress and is often called upon to make great personal sacrifices in the discharge of her duties. The profession of nursing, is therefore, not merely a ‘job’ and the potentially powerfully insights about commitment to work that they could provide encouraged us to choose them as our subjects of study. As part of the Phase I of the project, we interviewed four nurses who were diverse in the amount of experience each had, the hierarchy in which they were working in the hospital and the backgrounds from which each of them came. This was done to study the commitment of employees towards an organization and understand the various factors which cause the same we have selected a study of nursing staff in hospitals. From the interviews, many broad themes emerged, all of which point correlate positively with their high commitment level to the organization. These points logically lead us to our hypothesis as to what keeps them committed to their place of work.   However, there were some key themes which we noted across all four of our respondents. All the nurses were very excited by the kind of recognition that the hospital was willing to give them. They seemed to treat this as a reward for their hard work and dedication and were motivated by it. All nurses were also impressed by their working relationship with their superiors (Head Nurse/Doctor) in the hospital who treated them as members of a family and with much respect. Nurses were also willing to stay on with the hospital because it provided them with opportunities for personal development. Accordingly our hypotheses are as follows: * There is a positive correlation between the amount of recognition that the nurses receive for their work and their commitment to the organization * There is a positive correlation between the positive relationship between the doctors/supervisors and the nurses and the commitment of the nurses to the organization * There is a positive correlation between the opportunity for learning and personal development that the organization provides and the commitment of the nurses to the organization RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Based on our earlier survey of 4 respondents, we determined that the following three variables play a key role in determining the commitment of nurses to their respective hospitals: * Recognition * Relationship with superiors * Learning and Development We have then tried to identify whether these three variables actually affect commitment levels of nurses at various nursing organizations. For the same, we carried out a survey of 30 nurses with diverse backgrounds (a detailed description of the respondents is covered in the following section) and questioned them on a scale of 5 to 1 (5: Strongly Agree, 1: Strongly Disagree) on 24 questions. Since our hypothesis determines 3 variables as affecting commitment, we tested the existence of each these three independent variables by framing four questions for each variables. Similarly, we determined commitment levels of the nurses through a set of 12 questions. By using a 5-point scale, we have captured not only the  existence, but the extent of existence of these variables. Since we found the responses to be reliable, we determined the correlation between the three independent variables and the dependent variable ‘commitment’ to see whether our hypothesis of is correct. Hospitals chosen for the survey We surveyed nurses from 4 different hospitals to ensure diversity. The organizations range from a large hospital located in a city like Bangalore, to mid-sized hospitals located in Tier-2 cities like Ajmer and Allahabad and a focused surgical-specialty hospital located in a smaller town like Varanasi. This selection lends diversity to our respondents through differences in location, specialization of hospitals, daily footfall (reflecting magnitude of work for the nurses), number of departments etc. Refer Appendix 1 for a description of the hospitals used for out survey. General Profile of the Nurses We have ensured diversity in our respondents while choosing nurses at all of the survey hospitals. The diversity ranges age, number of years worked at the organization and departments worked in. QUESTIONS IN THE SURVEY The questions in the survey were aimed at understanding the extent to which each of our three independent variables and our dependent variable ‘commitment’ was present in these organizations. We captured the different parameters relating to these variables by framing questions addressing various facets of these variables. Refer to Appendix 2 for detailed discussion on questions used for the survey. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF THE SURVEY Reliability of scales Reliability is used to check the consistency of the question set under consideration. In this survey we are testing if the 3 hypothesis that we have come up with are explaining the commitment of employees towards organization. Reliability in a survey is measured by lot of ways and here we are checking internal consistency reliability which indicates reliability within the survey for the responses of similar type of questions. Reliability of dependent variable * Affective Commitment: In affective commitment the questions that are all trying to test for one feature- Attachment to Organization. The questions are direct and straight forward bringing out the required feature thus making it a set of good reliability. We have obtained a reliability scale of 0.6 for this set which is the highest amongst the 3 different commitments scales that we have obtained. * Continuance Commitment: In this set we are trying to test the commitment by knowing the dependence of the person on the organization and how much of a change it would mean to him to switch jobs. The reliability that we obtained for this set is 0.53 which is a high value for a one time survey result. This is a good indication of question set focusing on the same core question. * Normative Commitment: This question set mainly tries to identify the belongingness the person has towards the organization. The question set is clear in conveying the same objective but this attribute is not so direct and easy to understand from an individual’s perspective. Hence the survey respondents’ answers in this set have a lower value reliability of 0.39. Reliability of independent variables For first and third variables (recognition and learning & development), the reliability is low at 0.46 and 0.47 respectively while for the second variable (relationship with superiors), the reliability is relatively high at 0.66. Recognition and Learning & Development It’s easy to see why responses to questions around Recognition and learning and development score so low in reliability. They are quite different from each other and same person can have very different responses to each of them, if they interpret the different questions to indicate different things. In comparison the questions related to relationships were fairly interrelated and are able to fetch more consistent responses. Overall reliability of all the responses is still lower than 0.7 which can be attributed to the fact that no pilot study was done, which could have been used as input for framing questions in a better way as to improve reliability of responses. Relationship with superiors We obtained highest reliability for responses for this hypothesis. Reliability for this was found to be 0.66, which is near acceptable range. The reason for higher reliability in this question set (Appendix 2) is attributable for ease of understanding the questions. Every person has a fair idea about relationships and these questions although quite different from each other give a fairly good direction the responder in terms of what is being asked. So they maintain consistency and hence higher comparative reliability. Correlation between predictor and dependent variables a) Affective Commitment – According to our expectation before the actual test results we came up with all 3 predictors are going to affect the Affective commitment. Recognition was one factor because the appreciation helps the employee (nurse) develop a connect with the organization. Also opportunities for personal development and training opportunities to assist this makes employees feel good which is essential to improve the commitment levels. Good relationships with superiors definitely help people develop an emotional bond with the organization. b) Continuance Commitment Continuance commitment describes how the employee feel about staying longer in the organization and for this one of the most important reasons is economic considerations which are to some extent explained by rewards and recognition. The recognition obtained will motivate them to work better and stay longer in an organization. Also constant opportunities for growing and training will help them stay committed to organization. c) Normative Commitment This form of commitment mainly explains the sense of giving back to the organization and the predictor which we identified was most important was the relationships with supervisor (Head nurse/Doctor). Training and developments reflect investment done by organization on employees, so employees feel an obligation to stay committed to organization to pay it  back, which increases their normative commitment. Actual results: Statistical Significance of correlations With the acceptable alpha level being 0.05 for social science research and no. of responders being 30, (Dof = 28) gives critical value of correlation as 0.361. When compared with the results we obtained we notice that out of 9 correlations, 3 are not significant (value less than 0.361) and 6 are significant (Value higher than 0.361). When it’s significant we reject null hypothesis of no relationship and accept alternative hypothesis of existence of relationship. Hypothesis 1: From the results it’s apparent that hypothesis 1 is partially supported as only one correlation is significant out of 3. That is with affective commitment. So we can interpret that Recognition affects affective commitment but not the other two types of commitments. Hypothesis 2: For second hypothesis 2 out of 3 correlations are significant so it’s also partially supported. Relationship with doctors is not related to continuance commitment but related to affective and normative commitment. Hypothesis 3: Hypothesis 3 is completely supported as all the correlations are significant i.e. higher than 0.361. It means learning and development is related to all the dependent variables and affects all three dimensions of commitment i.e. Affective, Continuance, & Normative which are considered here. Plausible explanation of variations between correlations Recognition: Recognition showed the highest correlation with affective commitment, while significant correlations were not established with the continuance and normative commitment. When nurses are recognized by the organization they tend to develop an emotional connect with the organization. They feel happier working in the hospital and a sense of belonging is nurtured within them. The appreciation received for the work translates into an attachment with the organization. This explains the  correlation with affective commitment. The recognition is mostly in the form of awards and words of praise not monetary in nature. Therefore a significant continuance commitment has not been established. Similarly, recognition for work does not lead to a feeling of obligation towards the organization. Rather, the positivity generated by the appreciation of work manifests itself as an emotional attachment towards the organization, which is reflected in the correlation with affective commitment. Relationship with superiors: This independent variable showed highest correlation with normative commitment and lower correlations with affective commitment, while correlation with continuance commitment was insignificant. The nurses tend to view the exceptionally good relationships with the doctors as being facilitated by the hospital. They therefore feel indebted to the hospital for providing them with an excellent working environment, which would be missing at other places. The moral obligation that they feel towards their hospital for the respect and dignity with which doctors and supervisors treat them is translated into a high correlation for normative commitment. Learning and development: It is seen from the results of the survey that learning and development has a high correlation with Affective Commitment to the organization and comparatively low correlation with continuance and normative Commitment. Intuitively we expected high correlation between learning and development a nd normative commitment to the organization. This is because employees would feel an obligation towards an organization that invests time and resources to train its employees and ensure their personal development. However, we realize these may not necessarily hold true once we take into account the atypical nature of the nursing profession. Nurses feel sense of duty towards their patients and ethical and moral obligation to serve the sick to the best of their capacity. In fact, nurses who have been trained well, dealt with varied patient cases and experience a great deal of learning would perhaps experience higher motivation to the society. Hence perhaps they would experience low moral responsibility to staying back in the organization. We believe existence of a caring and people centric management could be the reason for the high correlation between affective commitment and learning and development. An organization that has caring and people friendly management would earn emotional loyalty from its employees due to care and good treatment given to employees. Such an  organization would also take efforts to ensure that its human resources constantly learn and develop so as to contribute to the success of the organization.

Racial Inequality And Affirmative Action - 900 Words

College is a privilege that is now accessible to many people. It has not always been this way though. Lack of money, being deprived of representation, or racism hindered one’s chances in to getting into higher education, especially a minority’s chance. In order to raise against the barriers, President John F. Kennedy created the affirmative action program to provide equal opportunities for everyone, whether in education or in the workforce. Even if this was a program created in the 1960’s, problems continue to present itself as shown through the many court cases, such as Brown vs. Board of Education, Fisher vs. University of Texas, Grutter vs. Bollinger et al, and Hopwood vs. State of Texas. Thus, racial inequality and affirmative action†¦show more content†¦It is the way that provides everyone with an opportunity, an opportunity to achieve their American dream. Though, on the flip side, the American dream would not be available to all with affirmative action. This program diminishes the opportunities for whites to achieve their dreams. From education to the workforce, affirmative action holds bias towards minorities over Caucasians. Despite being â€Å"more qualified,† the whites are not placed into certain colleges or workplaces because of race. Even if a Caucasian student receives a near perfect score on the SAT, a student being of color would be the same equivalence. In addition to this, the affirmative action’s policies give minority applicants a minor self-confidence that they do not need to perform better than their white counterparts, just racially distinguishable. This shows that affirmative action does not focus on abilities but rather demographics, thus, showing the controversy with this program today. Above all, affirmative action violates the Constitution. The Fourteenth Amendment forbids the states to restrict the basic rights of citizens to equal opportunities. 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